Deep in Bolivia’s misty Yungas cloud forest, scientists have identified a tiny wild cat unlike any known before. Named Leopardus tilcayo, it is the first new living feline species formally described in more than a century.

Local communities call the cat “tilcayo.” It has light-brown fur with dark, irregular rosettes and is smaller than a typical house cat. Scientists used DNA from cats across South America to confirm that it is a separate species. The study also revealed that tiger cats include five separate species.

Everyone is excited to meet the new wild cat. However, deforestation, mining, fires, and farming threaten the cat’s forest home.