Lake Baikal is the world’s oldest and deepest freshwater lake, situated in southeastern Siberia between Russia’s Irkutsk province and the Republic of Buryatia. It formed approximately 25 million years ago and plunges more than a mile at its deepest point. It is also the largest freshwater lake by volume, holding roughly 20% of the planet’s unfrozen fresh water.
Baikal is known for its extraordinary biodiversity, nurtured by the lake’s immense age and isolation. People have dubbed it the “Galapagos of Russia” as it houses thousands of species, two-thirds of which are endemic and unique to the region. Its most famous resident is the Baikal seal, or nerpa, the only freshwater seal on the planet.
In addition to holding great scientific value, the lake is a key part of the region’s culture and economy. The Indigenous Buryat communities view it as sacred, while local industries depend on its resources. However, experts have warned that the lake’s fragile ecosystem is under threat from industrial pollution, unregulated development, and warming waters from climate change.
Still, Lake Baikal endures as a natural wonder, drawing travelers from all over the globe who are astounded by the clear waters and the mystery of its ancient depths.
Yesel Kang Copy Editor junior/1760591906/1613368124
1. Why is Lake Baikal called the “Galapagos of Russia”?
2. What threats are putting Lake Baikal’s ecosystem at risk?
3. Which animal is the only freshwater seal found in Lake Baikal?
4. Who considers Lake Baikal sacred?
1. Have you ever heard of Lake Baikal before?
2. Would you like to visit Lake Baikal someday?
3. What do you think makes Lake Baikal special?
4. Do you prefer lakes, mountains, or oceans when you travel?
Lake Baikal is the world’s oldest and deepest freshwater lake, situated in southeastern Siberia between Russia’s Irkutsk province and the Republic of Buryatia. It formed approximately 25 million years ago and plunges more than a mile at its deepest point. It is also the largest freshwater lake by volume, holding roughly 20% of the planet’s unfrozen fresh water.
In addition to holding great scientific value, the lake is a key part of the region’s culture and economy. The Indigenous Buryat communities view it as sacred, while local industries depend on its resources. However, experts have warned that the lake’s fragile ecosystem is under threat from industrial pollution, unregulated development, and warming waters from climate change.
