White Porcelain in the Joseon Dynasty   

• White porcelain, or paekcha, represents one of the pinnacle achievements of Korean ceramic artistry, particularly during the Joseon dynasty (1392-1897). Although its origins trace back to the ninth century, paekcha reached its artistic and technical peak in the 16th century, following the decline of buncheong pottery after the turmoil caused by Japanese invasions. This era witnessed significant advancements in porcelain craftsmanship, resulting in smoother, more durable, and whiter ceramics. Innovations in kiln technology and glazing techniques fueled the evolution of white porcelain during the Joseon period. A notable center of production was Bunwon in Gwangju, Gyeonggi Province, where the excavation of over 300 kilns highlights the remarkable scale of activity in the region. As white porcelain gained popularity, its production expanded nationwide. However, it eventually became centralized in state-run kilns to ensure consistent quality and maintain its prestigious status. Paekcha’s reputation extended beyond Korea, as it was highly valued in tribute exchanges with Ming China, showcasing its international esteem. The most iconic creations of white porcelain include bowls, moon jars, pear-shaped vases, brush holders, and animal or fruit-shaped water droppers. Among these, the moon jar stands out for its intentional asymmetry, reflecting the uniquely Korean aesthetic of simple yet profound beauty that distinguishes it from Chinese and Japanese styles. Decorative motifs on white porcelain, often featuring lotus flowers, bamboo, and dragons, were typically inlaid using cobalt blue or iron-brown underglazes. These minimalist designs resonated with the Confucian ideals embraced by the Joseon elite. Over time, paekcha designs became increasingly intricate while retaining the understated elegance that defines Korean ceramics. The legacy of Joseon white porcelain endures as a symbol of Korea’s artistic and cultural heritage, celebrated for its exceptional craftsmanship and timeless beauty. Sean Jung R&D Division Director teen/1737615446/1613367716